C Language

                                     C programming is one of thousands of computer programming languages that allow users to create instructions for a computer to follow. While C has a slightly more cryptic style than some other programming languages, it's fairly easy to learn and allows you to read and write code for many different platforms. Because it's so efficient and gives the user a lot of control, C is very popular with programmers.
                                     The C programming language has been around since the early '70s, when it was developed by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie at Bell Laboratories. They saw the need for a more user-friendly programming language, and after several attempts at new languages, C was eventually finalized and released. Throughout the '80s, the developers created various standards for the language. As computers became more complex, programmers were able to use C to build their own compilers and programming languages. The C programming language has led to the development of both Java and C++, which are popular today and both simplified programming even further.
                                          C is a compiled language, which means that once your C program is written, you'll need to run it through a C compiler to convert the program to an executable form. The computer can then run the C program. The C compiler is vital to creating a C program, because without it, your program will remain in human-readable form as opposed to machine-readable form . Programmers can either purchase a commercial compiler or download a free C compiler online.
                                    One of the things that programmers like about C is that it enables them to scale down programs so they can run on very little memory. This has become especially important in recent years, when so many people are using small-scale computers like smartphones and tablets.

Nanotechnology and Cancer Treatement

Nanotechnology in Cancer Treatment

                                  Technology is one of key words of in people’s lives. In the near future, a subdivision of technology which is nanotechnology will have an important role. Bio-products, tools, devices, materials are influenced from consequences of research and developments on nanotechnology.With nanotechnology; more useful devices, better drugs for diseases,more appropriate materials for construction will be developed.Nanotechnology will also affect medicine and other life sciences.

                                     The numbers of research in cancer treatment with nano technologically modified drugs are increasing day to day and have had some good results on this issue. Nanotechnological improvements can be used for cancer patients; because nanotechnology can be used for better cancer diagnosis, more efficient drug delivery to tumor cells, and molecular targeted cancer therapy.First of all, nanotechnology can be used for better cancer diagnosis.One of the main usage fields of optical nanoparticles is to allow better cancer detection. To start with, classical methods that are used in diagnosis have limitations. Classified methods such as X-rays, tomography or mammography require using mutagenic agents oncells that cause cancer, too.  To eliminate these concerns, optical nanoparticlesin diagnosis is possible technique that can be used. This techniqueworks with special dyes to interact with tumor cells and optical nanoparticles can be detected. Preparing a nanoparticulate drug system which has to ability to be photo excited to produce singlet oxygen for detection and therapy is better than classical systems. Such interaction shows that, the detection of cancer with optical nanoparticles is new and developing subject, but it has considerable benefits for diagnosis.

                                        In addition to optical nanoparticles, ICG (Indocyonine Green) can  also be used in cancer diagnosis. The binding properties of ICG make possible technique in tumor detection. ICG molecules can interact with plasma proteins such as albumin, lipoproteins and globulins; since this allows ICG to have around the bloodstream. Because of amphiphilic property of ICG molecules give ability to interact with lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules. ICG molecules are also fluorescent molecules that with these characteristics of ICG are used for detection of tumors. From these properties, tumors and tumor-free areas can be detected in cancer diagnosis. It is a convenient way in diagnosis; thus very small tumors can be seen with fluorescence signals.  To have better detection of tumor cells, the sensitivity of diagnosis techniques must be considered, and nanoscale solutions in diagnosis are very sensitive and have shown to be less harmful to patients.

                                          Secondly, nanotechnology can be used for more efficient drug delivery system to tumors. One of the significant missions of passive liposomal drug delivery is to cancer cells. Liposome molecules are easily diffused into the cells; since their structures and cell membrane structure can interact very well while drug uptake process. The EPR (Enhanced Permeation and Retention) effect is the concept that liposomes remain the bloodstream for a long time and are collected passively from tumor cells. Via the EPR effect, concomitant in toxicity problems of therapy are relatively solved as lower and repeated dose

of liposomal drugs.  Moreover, these liposomal drugs with RES relatively break away immune recognition; so drugs are able to remain in bloodstream.